Brock University Digital Repository

Brock University's Digital Repository is an online archive showcasing and preserving the Brock community's scholarly output as well as items from the Library's Archives & Special Collections. Researchers can disseminate their work by depositing it in this Open Access repository, which provides free, immediate access to users while also allowing Brock scholars to track downloads and views of their scholarship. The Digital Repository is also the home of the Brock University E-Thesis Portal.

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Recent Submissions

Access status: Open Access ,
The Oxygen Conforming Response in Active Mouse Skeletal Muscle In Vitro: A Pilot Study
(Brock University, 2025) Hambly, Addie; Vandenboom, Rene; Applied Health Sciences Program
Human studies of the OCR have shown that reductions in oxygen availability quickly decrease force production, while subsequent reoxygenation produces a rapid recovery of force to pre-conformed levels. This readily reversible response remains poorly understood but appears to occur with minimal metabolic disturbance, suggesting a mechanism distinct from classical fatigue, which develops from the accumulation of ADP, Pi and H+. Although the OCR is theoretically distinct from fatigue, the well-documented fiber-specificity (fast > slow) of force modulation during fatigue suggests that inherent differences between muscle types may also influence force regulation during acute changes in oxygen availability. Therefore, we hypothesized that, in an in vitro mouse model, the OCR would display fiber type differences, with slow-twitch muscle being more sensitive to reductions in oxygen availability due to its greater reliance on oxidative phosphorylation. To test this, mouse soleus, SOL, (slow-twitch) and extensor digitorum longus, EDL, (fast-twitch) muscles were isolated and mounted in normally oxygenated Tyrode’s solution (22°C). Doublets delivered at regular intervals (0.4Hz) were provided to both muscle types. During stimulation, bath oxygen concentration was reduced from 32ppm to 20ppm and subsequently restored to 32ppm. Our results showed that during reduced oxygen availability, EDL force declined by 39% ± 0.07 (n = 10, p < 0.001) from baseline values. Upon reoxygenation, force returned to 82% ± 0.06 (p < 0.001) of baseline values. For SOL, when oxygen decreased, force declined by 17% ± 0.12 (n = 9, p < 0.001) from baseline values. Upon reoxygenation, force returned to 104% ± 0.06 (p < 0.001) of baseline values. The relative difference in force decline and recovery between EDL and SOL muscles was statistically different, with EDL exhibiting a greater decline in force by 22% ± 0.04 (p < 0.001). Conversely, SOL exhibited a greater force recovery by 22% ± 0.03 (p < 0.001). These data demonstrate that the OCR displays fiber type differences in mouse muscle in vitro, with fast-twitch muscle being more sensitive to oxygen changes than slow-twitch muscle. The mechanism of the OCR remains unknown and requires further investigation to understand how intracellular oxygen is sensed and regulated.
Access status: Open Access ,
The Press, Volume 41, Issue 9, October 18, 2005
(2005-10-18) Evenden, Steve (Editor); Kaminski, Courtney (Internal News Editor); Hillier, Kayla (External News Editor); Thomas, Vivian (Focus Editor); Lowry, Travis (Marginalia Editor); De Palma, Kristen (Culture Editor); Gottli, Katherine (Culture Assistant); Murray, Sarah (Layout Coordinator); Ouelette, Marc (Layout Editor); Friesen, Katie (Chief Photographer); Chevalier, Laura (Assistant Photographer); Klement, Jessica (Managing Editor); Marron, Jennifer (Copy Editor); Woodward, Paula (Advertising Director); Armstrong, Amy (Staff Writer); Maracle, Wray (Staff Writer)
The Press, Volume 41, Issue 9 includes: Health Services on campus hosts Alcohol Awareness week to educate students on the dangers of excessive drinking; WUSC and OPIRG participate in the Wrap It In White event to eliminate poverty; Heritage Niagara raises awareness that Brock is the only site of the rare Osage orange trees in Southern Ontario.
Access status: Open Access ,
The Press, Volume 41, Issue 8, October 12, 2005
(2005-10-12) Evenden, Steve (Editor); Kaminski, Courtney (Internal News Editor); Hillier, Kayla (External News Editor); Thomas, Vivian (Focus Editor); Lowry, Travis (Marginalia Editor); De Palma, Kristen (Culture Editor); Terpstra, Rob (Sports Editor); Gottli, Joseph (Illustrator); Murray, Sarah (Layout Coordinator); Ouellette, Marc (Layout Editor); Friesen, Katie (Chief Photographer); Klement, Jessica (Managing Editor); Woodward, Paula (Advertising Director); Armstrong, Amy (Staff Writer); Siklosi, Kate (Staff Writer); Singha, Shaan (Staff Writer); Maracle, Wray (Staff Writer)
The Press, Volume 41, Issue 8 includes: Brock partners with the Pathways to Education Program to “combat the issues of lack of education and income in poverty stricken youth.”; Brock’s Library is collaborating with the Student Development Centre and Career Services to build a new learning commons for students.
Access status: Open Access ,
The Press, Volume 41, Issue 7, October 4, 2005
(2005-10-04) Evenden, Steve (Editor); Kaminski, Courtney (Internal News Editor); Hillier, Kayla (External News Editor); Thomas, Vivian (Focus Editor); Lowry, Travis (Marginalia Editor); De Palma, Kristen (Culture Editor; Terpstra, Rob (Sports Editor); Gottli, Joseph (Illustrator); Murray, Sarah (Layout Coordinator); Ouellette, Marc (Layout Editor); Friesen, Katie (Chief Photographer); Klement, Jessica (Managing Editor); Woodward, Paula (Advertising Director); Armstrong, Amy (Staff Writer); Maracle, Wray (Staff Writer); Phillips, Cubby (Staff Writer)
The Press, Volume 41, Issue 7 includes: Brock’s Leave the Pack Behind (LTPB) receives a new supporter in Minister of Health Pomotion Jim Watson; Health Canada approves the first once-a-month contraceptive called NuvaRing; Brock Senate gives students an early Christmas gift: two extra days of vacation; Ontario Premier Dalton McGuinty announces that tuitions will no longer be frozen, and subject to increase; Can Canada handle a natural disaster like Hurricane Katrina?
Access status: Open Access ,
The Press, Volume 41, Issue 6, September 27, 2005
(2005-09-27) Evenden, Steve (Editor); Kaminski, Courtney (Internal News Editor); Hillier, Kayla (External News Editor); Thomas, Vivian (Focus Editor); Lowry, Travis (Marginalia Editor); De Palma, Kristen (Culture Editor); Terpstra, Rob (Sports Editor); Gottli, Joseph (Illustrator); Murray, Sarah (Layout Coordinator); Ouellette, Marc (Layout Editor); Friesen, Katie (Chief Photographer); Klement, Jessica (Managing Editor); Woodward, Paula (Advertising Director); Armstrong, Amy (Staff Writer); Maracle, Wray (Staff Writer); Phillips, Cubby (Staff Writer)
The Press, Volume 41, Issue 6 includes: St. Catharines residents have mixed feelings about the newly announced hospital due to its funding by the private sector; BUSAC tables residence councillor Matt Ray Smith’s request for a BUSAC residence task force; Brock will be the second ICAO accredited school after U of T.